一种可能的地震成因模型     

黄广思  黄江  陈蜀俊  罗登贵 《大地测量与地球动力学》2004,24(1):99-104

提出了一种地震成因模型。认为不仅水库地震、矿震等是被人类工程活动诱发的，其它地震也很可能有诱发因素起作用。这种作用不仅仅是触发了地震，地震的孕育很可能也与其有关。诱发因素包括人类工程活动、地外天体的特殊位置、地球自转角速度的变化、气象异常等。这些因素对地壳产生了附加垂直力，后者引起局部地层弯曲，进而导致应力集中、构造应力作用方式的改变乃至地震发生。  相似文献   

北京防震历史经验与汶川地震灾后城镇选址重建   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

毛锋  马金锋  周文生 《地球信息科学学报》2008,10(4):503-510

5.12汶川8.0级地震使灾区蒙受了巨大的生命和财产损失,地震造成的灾害与灾区地质构造有极强的空间相关性。灾区地震历史的分析结果表明,该区域地震格局有明显的时空特征,重灾区灾后重建城镇选址宜多学科联合谨慎规划。康熙18年(1679年)的北京平谷-三河8.0级地震与5.12汶川地震惨烈程度相近,北京地质构造研究与地震时空格局分析具有重大的现实意义,北京城市发展中的防震规划历史经验值得5.12地震灾区在重建与今后发展中借鉴。  相似文献   

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林松建  丁学仁  陈为伟  陈祥熊 《大地测量与地球动力学》2009,29(5):27-32

?о???1996??2005??????????52????С?????????????6????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????P???????NW????300??320???????У??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????仯?????????????????????????????????????NNW????????????總?????????????NWW????EW????  相似文献   

Holocene rockfalls in the southern Negev Desert,Israel and their relation to Dead Sea fault earthquakes     

Yair Rinat  Ari Matmon  Maurice Arnold  Georges Aumaître  Didier Bourlès  Karim Keddadouche  Naomi Porat  Efrat Morin  Robert C. Finkel 《Quaternary Research》2014

Rockfall ages in tectonically active regions provide information regarding frequency and magnitude of earthquakes. In the hyper-arid environment of the Dead Sea fault (DSF), southern Israel, rockfalls are most probably triggered by earthquakes. We dated rockfalls along the western margin of the DSF using terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (TCN). At each rockfall site, samples were collected from simultaneously exposed conjugate boulders and cliff surfaces. Such conjugate samples initially had identical pre-fall (“inherited”) TCN concentrations. After boulder detachment, these surfaces were dosed by different production rates due to differences in post-fall shielding and geometry. However, in our study area, pre-rockfall inheritance and post-rockfall production rates of TCN cannot be evaluated. Therefore, we developed a numerical approach and demonstrated a way to overcome the above-mentioned problems. This approach can be applied in other settings where rockfalls cannot be dated by simple exposure dating. Results suggest rockfall ages between 3.6 ± 0.8 and 4.7 ± 0.7 ka. OSL ages of sediment accumulated behind the boulders range between 0.6 ± 0.1 and 3.4 ± 1.4 ka and support the TCN results. Our ages agree with dated earthquakes determined in paleoseismic studies along the entire length of the DSF and support the observation of intensive earthquake activity around 4–5 ka.  相似文献   

Seismic structure of the Helan–Liupan–Ordos western margin tectonic belt in North-Central China and its geodynamic implications     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

We study high-resolution three-dimensional P-wave velocity (Vp) tomography and anisotropic structure of the crust and uppermost mantle under the Helan–Liupan–Ordos western margin tectonic belt in North-Central China using 13,506 high-quality P-wave arrival times from 2666 local earthquakes recorded by 87 seismic stations during 1980–2008. Our results show that prominent low-velocity (low-V) anomalies exist widely in the lower crust beneath the study region and the low-V zones extend to the uppermost mantle in some local areas, suggesting that the lower crust contains higher-temperature materials and fluids. The major fault zones, especially the large boundary faults of major tectonic units, are located at the edge portion of the low-V anomalies or transition zones between the low-V and high-V anomalies in the upper crust, whereas low-V anomalies are revealed in the lower crust under most of the faults. Most of large historical earthquakes are located in the boundary zones where P-wave velocity changes drastically in a short distance. Beneath the source zones of most of the large historical earthquakes, prominent low-V anomalies are visible in the lower crust. Significant P-wave azimuthal anisotropy is revealed in the study region, and the pattern of anisotropy in the upper crust is consistent with the surface geologic features. In the lower crust and uppermost mantle, the predominant fast velocity direction (FVD) is NNE–SSW under the Yinchuan Graben and NWW–SEE or NW–SE beneath the Corridor transitional zone, Qilian Orogenic Belt and Western Qinling Orogenic Belt, and the FVD is NE–SW under the eastern Qilian Orogenic Belt. The anisotropy in the lower crust may be caused by the lattice-preferred orientation of minerals, which may reflect the lower-crustal ductile flow with varied directions. The present results shed new light on the seismotectonics and geodynamic processes of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and its northeastern margin.  相似文献   

基于光学遥感影像的2019年加利福尼亚M_W7.1和M_W6.4双震同震形变测量     

傅志豪  王鑫  张景发 《大地测量与地球动力学》2021,41(5):506-510

利用地震前后的Landsat-8和Sentinel-2光学遥感影像数据,基于频率域互相关算法提取加利福尼亚州MW7.1及MW6.4地震的同震形变场,同时针对形变数据易受轨道误差、条带误差及时间失相干的影响,分别采用最小二乘多项式曲线拟合、改进均值相减等方法去除系统误差项。研究表明,MW7.1主震以右旋走滑为主,地表形变的断层迹线呈NNW走向,长度达55 km,最大滑移量约为2.82 m;MW6.4地震的发震断层迹线呈NE走向,长度达15 km,最大滑移量约为1.05 m,推测2次地震的发震断层分别为NNW向右旋走滑断裂及NE向左旋走滑断裂,二者形成典型的共轭关系。  相似文献   

云南地区中强地震连发及其调制比的时空展布特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李永莉  张俊伟  刘丽芳  蔡静观  付虹 《地震研究》2004,27(3):230-236

剖析并定义了云南地区1970～2001年中强地震连发,发现中强地震连发的时空展布具有空间分布按一定方向有规律迁移,时间分布集中于5～11个月的特点。利用小震调制比分析云南地区中强地震连发的孕震演变,结果发现小震调制比的异常特性：空间上中强震连发前2～0．5a的时段内小震调制比出现8个平方度以上的异常面积元,异常面积元集中的地区为未来中强震连发的主体区域,时间上中强震连发前1～3a出现小震调制比R。的高值异常。并用花岗岩块体受压实验结果初步探讨了中强地震连发及其调制比时空展布特征的构造活动。  相似文献   

Asthenospheric Viscosity and Stress Diffusion: A Mechanism to Explain Correlated Earthquakes and Surface Deformations In Ne Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P. A. Rydelek  I. S. Sacks 《Geophysical Journal International》1990,100(1):39-58

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Statistical significance of modal parameters of bridge systems identified from strong motion data     

Yalin Arici  Khalid M. Mosalam 《地震工程与结构动力学》2005,34(10):1323-1341

Modal parameters of structural systems have commonly been determined using system identification (SI) methods for damage detection and health monitoring. For determining the deterioration of the integrity of structural systems correctly, modal parameters of a healthy structure have to be obtained with adequate certainty so that these parameters can be used as reliable references for the healthy system to compare with those of the damaged system. In this study, the statistical significance of modal parameters identified using strong motion time histories recorded on two bridge structures is assessed. The confidence intervals of identified modal frequencies and damping ratios are obtained using Monte Carlo simulations and sensitivity analyses in conjunction with eigenrealization algorithm. The dependence of the statistical bounds on model parameters is examined. The effect of using different number of sensors on the statistical significance is evaluated using simulated time history data from a validated finite element model of a bridge. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Study on Variation of Fitting Goodness of Relation Between Earthquake Frequency and Magnitude before Moderately Strong Earthquakes (Ms≥5.0)     

Li Zhixiong  Zhang Guomin  Fu Zhengxiang  and Zhang YongxianState Seismological Bureau  Beijing  China Center for Analysis  Prediction  SSB  Beijing  China 《中国地震研究》1996,(4)

In this paper,characteristics of spatial and temporal variation of linear fitting goodness before some moderately strong earthquakes(Ms≥5.0)in the eastern part of China(east of longitude 180)are studied according to the famous Gutenberg-Richter's relation expressed as lgN=a-bM,by using the moderate and small events that occurred in and around the source area.The results show that the linear goodness of fitting varies abnormally prior to these moderately strong earthquakes.In the early stage of the earthquake preparatory process,distribution of the energy released through small events in and around the source area is isostatic and the fitting goodness approximates 1,while the distribution of the energy turns to be isostatic before moderately strong earthquakes,leading to the obvious decrease of the linear goodness of fitting.This phenomenon could be a medium term anomaly and a medium term criterion for moderately strong earthquake prediction.  相似文献